Proximal/Distal Locking Screw

Description

Proximal/Distal Locking Screws: Enhanced Stability in Bone Plate Fixation

Proximal/Distal Locking Screws are a crucial component in orthopedic surgery, particularly for procedures involving bone fixation plates used to treat fractures in the femur. These specialized screws offer several advantages for optimal fracture healing:

• Targeted Placement: Locking screws come in two variations: proximal for the upper end of the femur near the hip joint, and distal for the lower end near the knee joint. This ensures proper fit and functionality based on the anatomical location of the fracture.
• Enhanced Fixation with Locking Plates: These screws are designed to work in conjunction with locking bone plates that contain corresponding holes. When inserted through the plate hole and into the bone, a locking mechanism within the screw head engages with the plate, preventing loosening and ensuring strong fixation of the fracture fragments.
• Two Variations: Half-Threaded vs. Fully Threaded: Locking screws come in two main types:
  • Half-Threaded: These screws have threads along only half their length. This allows for secure purchase within the bone cortex (outer layer) while leaving the remaining half smooth. The smooth shank allows the screw to slide within the locking holes of the plate, enabling compression and stability at the fracture site. This is the most common type of locking screw.
  • Fully Threaded: These screws have threads along their entire length, offering maximum grip within the bone for specific applications requiring exceptional stability (discussed further below).

Applications in Femoral Fracture Fixation:

Proximal/Distal Locking Screws (both half-threaded and fully threaded) are widely used in various surgical procedures for femoral fractures, including:

• Fixation with locking bone plates for a variety of fracture types
• Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques using femoral interlocking nails (some nails incorporate locking screw functionality)
• Revision surgery for fractures with hardware failure or non-union

Important Considerations:

The choice between half-threaded and fully threaded locking screws depends on the specific fracture and bone quality. Consulting with a qualified orthopedic surgeon is crucial to determine the most appropriate implant selection and surgical approach for your individual case. Here are some additional factors to consider:

• Type and severity of the femoral fracture
• Bone quality at the fracture site
• Chosen method of fracture fixation (plate type and screw selection)
• Patient’s overall health and medical history

Additional Notes:

• Locking screws come in various sizes, thread diameters, and lengths to accommodate different bone sizes, fracture patterns, and specific implant systems.
• The material of locking screws is typically stainless steel or titanium.